LTE Vs 5G TF Vs 5G NR | Difference Between LTE 5GTF 5GNR

compares LTE vs 5G TF vs 5G NR and mentions difference between LTE, 5GTF and 5GNR technologies.

Specifications	LTE	5G TF	5G NR
Full Form	Long Term Evolution	Verizon's 5G Technical Forum	3GPP 5G New Radio
Radio Frame Duration	10 ms	10 ms	10 ms
Number of subframes in a frame	10	50	10
Number of slots in a frame	20 (each of 1ms duration)	100 (each of 0.1ms duration)	20 (each of 1ms duration)
Number of RBs (Resource Blocks)	100 (maximum)	100 (maximum)	100 or more
Carrier Aggregation (Maximum CCs)	5 (Rel. 10) 32 (Rel. 12)	8	16
Subcarrier Spacing	15 KHz	75 KHz	Flexible: 2n*15 KHz (Where, n = -2,0,1,....,5) 15 KHz, 30 KHz, 60 KHz, 120 KHz, 240 KHz, (480 KHz)
Carrier Bandwidth	1.4/3/5/10/15/20 MHz (For 20 MHz, using carrier aggregation, BW upto 100 MHz can be used)	100 MHz	Variable, maximum per CC is 400 MHz (From 100 to 200 MHz for less than 6 GHz band, From 100 MHz to 1 GHz for greater than 6 GHz band)
Frequency Bands	Under 6 GHz	28 GHz	upto 100 GHz
Beamforming	Applicable to certain transmission modes	with DL/UL reciprocity	with and without DL/UL reciprocity
Modulation	Upto 256-QAM	QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM	QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM and 256-QAM
MIMO	Upto 8X8	2x2 Only	Upto 8X8
Channel Coding Scheme	Turbo coding for data	LDPC for data	NR Polar codes (Control); NR LDPC (Data)

Difference Between LTE And 5G NR

Following table-2 mentions difference between LTE and 5G NR with respect to physical layer and different channels used in these standards.

Features	LTE	5G NR
Physical layer waveforms	Downlink: CP-OFDM, Uplink: DFT-S-OFDM	Downlink: CP-OFDM, Uplink: CP-OFDM or DFT-S-OFDM
Symbol duration	32.552 ns for subcarrier spacing of 15 KHz and NFFT of 2048	0.509 ns for subcarrier spacing of 480 KHz and NFFT of 4096
Subcarrier spacing	Fixed, 15 KHz	Variable, 15/30/60/120/240/480 KHz
FFT Size	2048	4096 (<=240 KHz SCS), 8192 for 480 KHz SCS
Number of slots per subframe	Fixed	Variable, Depends on subcarrier spacing
CP (Cyclic Prefix) type	Normal CP, Extended CP	• Normal CP for all subcarrier spacing (SCS) • Extended CP is supported for 60 KHz SCS
Max. number of data subcarriers	1200	3300
Number of symbols per slot	7 symbols for normal CP, 6 symbols for extended CP	• 14 symbols for normal CP, 12 symbols for extended CP • 2, 4 and 7 symbols for mini-slots
UL/DL ratio change
Synchronization signals	• The PSS is constructed from a frequency-domain ZC sequence of length 63. • Each SSS sequence is constructed by interleaving, in the frequency-domain, two length-31 BPSK-modulated secondary synchronization codes. Refer LTE PSS Vs SSS >> for more information.	• 5G NR SS consists of PSS (Primary SS) and SSS (Secondary SS). • A BPSK modulated m-sequence of length 127 is used for NR PSS. • BPSK modulated Gold sequence of length 127 is used for NR SSS. Refer 5G NR SS >> and 5G PSS Vs SSS Vs ESS >> for more information.
Reference signals	• Downlink: Reference Signal (RS) • Uplink: DMRS, SRS • Refer LTE Reference Signals >>	• Downlink : DMRS (Demodulation Ref. Signal) , PTRS (Phase Tracking RS) and CSI-RS (Channel State Inf. RS) • Uplink: DMRS, PTRS and SRS • Refer 5G NR Reference Signals >> for more information.
PBCH	• Refer LTE PBCH >> for more information.	• Refer 5G NR PBCH >> for more information.
RACH	• Refer LTE RACH >> for more information.	• Refer VENDORS5G NR RACH >>
PDCCH	• Refer LTE PDCCH >> for more information.	• Refer 5G NR PDCCH >> for more information.
PUCCH	• Refer LTE PUCCH >> for more information.	• Refer 5G NR PUCCH >> for more information.
SS block sweeping	1	4 for < 3 GHz, 8 for < 3 to 6 GHz, 64 for 6 to 52.6 GHz
Channel coding for various channels	• PBCH/PDCCH: TBCC • PDSCH/PUSCH : Turbo Code • PUCCH: RM Block Code	• PBCH/PDCCH/PUCCH : Polar code • PDSCH/PUSCH: LDPC
HARQ Round Trip Time	• FDD: 9ms, TDD: >=8 ms	• 0.25 to 16 ms
CA (Carrier Aggregation), DuCo	• CA upto 32 carriers • DuCo upto 64 carriers	• CA upto 16 carriers • DuCo upto 32 carriers
UE Bandwidth Adaptation	• Not allowed	• Allowed
Mobility	• CRS-based RSRP	• SSS-based RSRP for cell or beam • CSI-RS based RSRP for beam or transmission point
MIMO/Beamforming	• Digital Beamforming • Diversity Tx:SFBC • Open loop TxCDD with precoder cycling (PC), 1-port PC • Closed loopTx spatial multiplexing	• Hybrid beamforming • Open Loop Tx: 1 port PC (UE Transparent) • Closed Loop Tx: Spatial Multiplexing
Physical Layer	• Refer LTE PHY >> for more information.	• Refer 5G NR PHY >> for more information.